Streptococcus pneumoniae where can it be found

Headache, stiff neck, confusion, sleepiness, vomiting, and poor feeding can occur with meningitis. The incubation period varies. Signs and symptoms of infection can occur within days after exposure, but may occur long after exposure. Laboratory tests on blood, pleural fluid, joint fluid, or cerebrospinal fluid CSF are needed to confirm the diagnosis of invasive disease. Vaccines can help to prevent invasive S. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine valent PCV is recommended for all children starting at two months up to 59 months of age.

Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine valent PPSV is used in high-risk individuals two years of age or older.

Consult with your doctor or local health department to determine if the vaccine is recommended for you. Pneumococcal disease.

Actions for this page Listen Print. Summary Read the full fact sheet. On this page. Pneumococcal disease is deadly Pneumococcal infections Risk of pneumococcal disease Spread of pneumococcal disease Diagnosis of pneumococcal disease Treatment for pneumococcal disease Immunisation for pneumococcal disease Where to get help. Pneumococcal disease is deadly Pneumococcal disease is a leading cause of serious illness and death among Australian children under two years of age and persons over 85 years of age.

Pneumococcal infections Streptococcus pneumoniae can cause a range of illnesses, depending on which part of the body is infected. These include: sinusitis — infection of the sinuses air-filled cavities in the face. Symptoms include aching face, blocked nose, yellow-green nasal mucus and headache otitis media — middle ear infection.

Symptoms include painful ear, hearing loss, high temperature, nausea and vomiting bacteraemia — bacteria invade the blood. Symptoms include fever, headache and muscular aches and pains. This is a very serious condition septic arthritis — joint infection. Symptoms include joint pain, swelling and reduced mobility of the joint osteomyelitis — bone infection. Symptoms include bone pain, reduced mobility of the affected part and fever pneumonia — lung inflammation.

Symptoms include fever, cough, chest pains and breathing problems, such as shortness of breath meningitis — inflammation of the membranes meninges that enclose the brain and spinal cord.

Symptoms may include high fever, headache, stiff neck, nausea and vomiting, and sometimes coma. Pneumococcal meningitis is extremely serious and has a high death rate.

Risk of pneumococcal disease Certain groups are at increased risk of infection, including: children aged under two years children under five years with underlying medical conditions predisposing them to invasive pneumococcal disease Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children, especially in central Australia Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people people aged 65 years and over people with weakened immune systems people with chronic diseases such as diabetes, lung disease, cancer or kidney disease people who have impaired spleen function or have had their spleen removed people who smoke tobacco.

Spread of pneumococcal disease Many people carry Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria in their nose and throat. Diagnosis of pneumococcal disease Since other types of bacteria can cause similar infections, it is important to test specifically for the presence of Streptococcus pneumoniae.

Depending on the symptoms, pneumococcal disease is diagnosed using a number of tests, including: physical examination chest x-ray phlegm test blood test urine test cerebrospinal fluid CSF test by lumbar puncture. Treatment for pneumococcal disease Treatment options include: antibiotics such as penicillin pain-relieving medication plenty of fluids rest hospital admission in severe cases — for example, meningitis.

Immunisation for pneumococcal disease There are currently 90 different recognised strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae and no vaccine can protect against all of them. Pneumococcal disease vaccine for children The risk of infection in young children, especially those under two years of age, can be substantially reduced with a vaccine called Prevenar In this article, learn about natural remedies and how to cope with symptoms at….

What is pneumococcal disease? Medically reviewed by Daniel Murrell, M. Types Diagnosis Risk factors How does it spread? Prevention: Vaccination Treatment Takeaway Pneumococcal disease is a common and often mild infection, but it can sometimes result in serious health problems. Share on Pinterest Pneumococcal disease can cause a mild infection, bronchitis, or a more serious illness. Risk factors. How does it spread? Share on Pinterest Coughing and sneezing in public places can spread the infection.

Prevention: Vaccination. Share on Pinterest Vaccination may be appropriate for older people, children, and those with a weakened immune system. Share on Pinterest Antibiotics are necessary to treat and possibly to prevent invasive pneumococcal disease. Latest news Scientists identify new cause of vascular injury in type 2 diabetes. Adolescent depression: Could school screening help? Related Coverage. What you should know about pneumonia.

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